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Land management is the process of managing the land use and development of land resources. Those resources are used for a variety of purposes for example agriculture, forestry, water resource management, Human settlement and tourism. One aim of land management is to prevent or reverse land degradation. Another aim is to ensure water security by increasing soil moisture availability, decreasing surface runoff, and decreasing soil erosion. Text was copied from this source, which is available under a Unsustainable land managements leads to land being Overexploitation or misused which in turn degrades the land, reduces productivity and disrupts natural equilibriums.
Sustainable land management ( SLM) is the set of practices and technologies that aim to integrate the management of land, water management, and other environmental resources to meet human needs while ensuring long-term sustainability, ecosystem services, biodiversity, and livelihoods. Sustainable forest management is a sub-category of sustainable land management.
The United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE) applies the term land management in a wide context. Besides agriculture and forestry, they include the mineral extraction sector, property and estate management: "Land management is the process by which the resources of land are put to good effect. It covers all activities concerned with the management of land as a resource both from an environmental and from an economic perspective. It can include farming, mineral extraction, property and estate management, and the physical planning of towns and the countryside.
SLM has been defined in various reports as follows:
The IPCC stated that sustainable land management can play a role in climate change mitigation and adaptation. This takes place at various scales, at scales, namely "from individual farms to entire Drainage basin".
A World Bank report in 2006 explained: "SLM is necessary to meet the requirements of a growing population. Improper land management can lead to land degradation and a significant reduction in the productive and service (biodiversity niches, hydrology, carbon sequestration) functions of watersheds and landscapes."
The report's summary for policy makers explains that, "Many sustainable land management technologies and practices are profitable within three to 10 years (medium confidence). While they can require upfront investment, actions to ensure sustainable land management can improve crop yields and the economic value of pasture. Land restoration and rehabilitation measures improve livelihood systems and provide both short-term positive economic returns and longer-term benefits in terms of climate change adaptation and mitigation, biodiversity and enhanced ecosystem functions and services."
Land management options that "do not require land use change and do not create demand for more land conversion" include:
For example in Ethiopia, "over 85% of the land is estimated to be moderately to severely degraded".REACH (2023) Improving water security through Sustainable Land Management Story of change: Key findings & emerging impacts The current practices of sustainable land management (SLM) involve a variety of structural and nonstructural elements integrated at the catchment scale, providing different roles in managing water resources. The structural measures (soil bunds, contour trenches, etc.) significantly improve infiltration and water storage potential of the agricultural landscapes. On the other hand, the nonstructural measures, such as the elimination of open grazing on communal grazing land and the abandonment of postharvest grazing on cultivated land, help improve the water retention capacity of the soils and reduce nonproductive evaporative water losses. In addition, the current practices of SLM attempts to sustain diverse land use mosaics at the catchment scale, including protected areas (gullied lands and communal grazing lands), cultivated land and home gardens, with the aim of harnessing potential uses, services, and values from a catchment.
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